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51.
The probability of fractal determination of coastal types based on GIS is preliminarily discussed with China as an example. Finally, some significant conclusions are drawn: (1) The fractal dimension of coastline of the bedrock coast is larger than that of the plain coast on the same scale map; (2) As far as the bedrock coast is concerned, the larger fractal dimension of coastline of the bedrock coast on the same scale map indicates that the bedrock coast is probably not typical; (3) As far as the plain coast is concerned, the smaller fractal dimension of coastline of the plain coast on the same scale map indicates that it is probably the silt plain coast; (4) The different substantial compositions affect the fractal dimensions of coastlines of different coastal types. In general, the coast which lies in the north of the Hangzhou Bay consists of sand mainly, its surface is flat, and it is connected with the coastal plain, its landform is broad shoal, its total change is comparatively homogenous in the tidal dynamic process, and thus, the relatively smaller fractal dimension of coastline results from this. For the bedrock coast, there is more bedrock, the coastline is comparatively smooth and straight, being affected by the faults and ocean dynamic process, which result in the larger fractal dimension. 相似文献
52.
53.
Erosion of the intertidal chalk platform in the vicinity of groynes and seawalls is evident to the naked eye along many stretches of the engineered coastline of southeast England, leading to undermining and eventually failure of these structures. However, quantification of the magnitude and spatial extent of the erosion has been difficult to date because of a lack of data about the past elevation of the platform. The application of softcopy photogrammetry makes it possible to recreate past platform elevations from historic air photographs and to compare these with elevations from modern air photographs. Coastal sea defence structures have been installed along the chalk coast east of Brighton at various dates over the past 70 years. During this period, the construction methods have changed from predominantly manual labour to a reliance on heavy machines. The analysis of erosion patterns around structures built since the 1970s using heavy machinery show that surface lowering is 4 to 25 times greater in the vicinity of these structures than across the platform as a whole. In contrast, there is no similar pattern of increased erosion around structures built using predominantly manual labour in the 1930s. A four fold increase in average surface lowering is found also along a vehicle trackway that crosses the mid platform. Depressions developed by enhanced lowering in the front of seawalls generate their own dynamic of increased erosion by trapping pebbles and cobbles that enhance the abrasion of the chalk through bedload transport under standing waves in front of the walls. 相似文献
54.
Fractal Dimension and Fractals in Ocean Engineering 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Fu Yuhua Senior Engineer China Offshore Oil Engineering Corporation P. O. Box Beijing 《中国海洋工程》1994,(3)
- This paper discusses the application of fractal dimension and fractals in ocean engineering. To handle some ocean environment problems, the existing fractal method, in which the fractal dimension is a constant, can be used. For some complicated problems in ocean engineering, this paper presents the concept of the variable dimension fractals (D = f(r)), i. e., the fractal dimension D is the function of characteristic scale r instead of a constant. By using variable dimension fractals, several deformation and stress states of offshore structures are described. 相似文献
55.
根据地形地貌、地质构造、水文地质条件将青岛市划分为6个工程地质亚区,论述了各亚区地质环境特征,结合不同城市建筑工程特点,进行了工程场地适应性和选择性分析评价,为充分合理利用城市地质环境提供良好依据 相似文献
56.
面向GIS的线状符号开放式多元设计方案 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
提出一种跨越专业限制,用于快速绘制任意曲率曲线的开放式线状符号“组合配置法”设计方案,即用主干线、辅助线、辅助圆和点符号等四种子线型的有机组合描述目标线型,并详细论述了其数据结构、文件结构及子线型的实现方法。同时还提出伪码法用于解决满足国标要求的图廓整饰线,并对裁剪法作了简要阐述。上述线型设计方法已成功设计、实现并应用于“海底地形成图系统(MBChar)”,已服务于大陆架海底成图项目。 相似文献
57.
结合近年来参与有关水下工程检测和项目监理的实践体验 ,从总结水下工程项目的基本特征着手 ,分析了水下工程项目监理的主要任务 ,并结合对于实施水下工程项目监理必备装备条件的探讨 ,介绍了国内外现有水下监测技术装备的开发应用状况 相似文献
58.
59.
A system of numerical tools to predict the non-local long-term impact of large-scale constructions on the environment is described. The predictions have to be results of successive examination of free water oscillations, turbulent boundary layers on the sea bottom, and turbulent pulsation effects on sediment transport. Numerical results related to free water oscillations in diverse gulfs are shown, and non-local effects of the dam construction are found for an example of the Baltic Sea. Feasibility of suggested tools for turbulent flow is manifested. 相似文献
60.
介绍了日本第52回海岸工学讲演会的概况,从海岸灾害、海岸生态环境、波浪与水流、海岸泥沙运动与地形变化、海岸建筑物等5个方面综述了日本海岸工程研究的进展情况。 相似文献